Chris Clemens
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If there is a number associated with the degree sign, followed by the letter F or C, the degree sign is assumed to be related to the number and the abbreviation is spaced away from the number and degree sign and preceded by the letter indicator. The abbreviation is punctuated in literary mode.
If there is no number involved, the degree sign pertains to the letter F or C -- it is a left superscript to a letter, there is no space between the degree sign and the letter and a baseline indicator returns the level to the baseline. No letter indicator is used on the letter F or C. This math expression is punctuated mathematically.
19,872,369°C [braille]#19,872,369~.* ;,c
°F [braille]~.*",f
Just as you probably did, I looked to see if there was a standard symbol for question mark over greater than. There does not appear to be one listed, so you would have to create it using the 5-step rule.
Oh dear. I have garbled a sentence. This is what happens when you type too fast. Update says to repeat the italics when both WORDS are in italics, and in foreign language braille we apply the same rule to freestanding foreign language letters and foreign language word parts. So the answer is still yes!
--Joanna
Thanks for sending that print page. It's funny how things fall into place when you can actually see them even though you carefully explained.
The short answer is yes, repeat the italics after the slash. Keep the slash as printed and don't substitute a hyphen.
The long answer is that the 2007 Update says to repeat the italics when both WORDS are in italics, the italics is repeated for these WORD PARTS. In English, print emphasis for freestanding letters and word parts is ignored, and that is why the rule mentions only a WORD after the slash. However, in foreign language braille, the print emphasis for FOREIGN LANGUAGE freestanding letters and FOREIGN LANGUAGE word parts is retained.
[braille]-.;i_/.dad
--Joanna
Thank you, Joanna.
I am attaching a page showing the suffix -i/dad. Am I correct that the italic sign has to be repeated after the slash?
If the marking is in a title and therefore is in contracted braille, you should use the letter sign. The only guidance I find in EBAE is "Rule VII. 29. Exception." The second paragraph refers to ordinal numbers with foreign endings, and is, of course, about contracted braille.
If it is in a musical heading or instruction and therefore uncontracted, I don't think you need the letter sign since "r" cannot be misread as a numeral. If it were uncontracted and the first letter after the numeral were one that could be a numeral I'd use the letter sign.
I don't see any reference to using dot 4.
Larry
Thanks for this interesting question. I really need to see this print page. Could you please scan it as a .jpg or .pdf and post it here?
Generally a TN such as you describe in this case would not be in accordance with the rules and also not necessary, IF I understand what you're asking. I really need to see the print to be sure I completely understand the situation here. I'm afraid I just don't understand suav = delicacaodo either. With the print page, I would be able to see surrounding text and get some context.
I'll look forward to hearing from you.
--Joanna
The Nemeth exam readers tell me that the blank line is not required by the Code. I was taught to leave a blank line also when I took the Nemeth course -- it's a matter of change of context. However, I believe that applies only if print has left a blank line. With no blank line, the braille reader is getting the same thing as the print reader.
The series of dot 5s is to lead the reader to the next column. If there is room for 3 or more dot 5s you may use the guide dots between that entry (whether it be an item or an omission symbol) and the next column.
When written with a number the degree symbol is interpreted to apply to the number. The following letter (F or C) is an abbreviation and must be separated from the number (and degree sign) by a space. The letter is then punctuated in literary mode as an abbreviation. If there is no number, the degree sign applies to the letter. A dot 5 brings the braille back to the baseline and the expression is punctuated in mathematical mode. Did I just confuse the issue? Hope not.
[quote=bbossard]I'm transcribing a Writing Graduation Demonstration Exam. They give a 7 sentence paragraph. This particular paragraph is about [u]The Hobbit[/u]. The questions that follow refer to the sentences of the given paragraph. My question is if the word 'to' (the last bold word within the question) ought to be uncontracted to avoid confusion or if it should be contracted and connected to the following word (best). My instinct is to spell it out uncontracted and leave a space since it is an embedded phrase within the question. Thanks ~ Ben
28. In sentence (3) how is the phrase The Hobbit, the story of Bilbo Baggins' adventure leads up to best written?
A.
B.
C.
D.[/quote]Hi Ben,
The phrase appears to be emphasized and there is no rule that I am aware of that would indicate the need to uncontract the word to. If you terminate the emphasis, the blind reader will understand the emphasized phrase and realize that "best written" is not part of the emphasis.
Hope this helps. 🙂jana
[quote=bnbdowning70]Previously, in the past topics, this was addressed but not answered. In Lesson 15 of the new Manual (Fifth Edition, 2009) it states 15.8b that partially-emphasized words will NOT use contractions. Also on that same page there is a bulleted note that hyphenated-compound words are to be treated as one word. Then on the following page in 15.10 there is a partially-emphasized word "Destruction" where, following the termination sign, two contractions are used. Furthermore, in the Drill 38 the Drills Reproduced in Braille shows sentence 7 with a partially-emphasized word "one-o'clock" with the emphasized portion of the word CONTRACTED!
My intuition tells me that these new rules from BANA have not been corrected in these examples and I am teaching my students that the rule stands. NO CONTRACTIONS at all in partially-emphasized words, hyphenated-compound words included.
What is the ruling from on high?[/quote]
Not sure about the height but as far as the ruling <drumroll> ....
No contractions are to be used! The old rules (pre-2007 Update) allowed the use of contractions and unfortunately, not all of the changes were caught in the new manual. You are correct that NO CONTRACTIONS at all in partially-emphasized words, hyphenated-compound words included. Please teach accordingly and I will make sure that this issue is addressed in an errata.
Thank you for bringing this to attention.Jana
I'll be happy to help. First, there's a little confusion here. I'm not sure what posting you are referring to from June 14, 2007. The earlies Foreign Language posting is from August 2007. Are you referring to Formats rule 1.6c by any chance? This is the wrong rule to use in this case. For glossary entries in Spanish, the rules for Foreign Language Braille must be followed, NOT the rules in Formats.
The foreign language braille rules are in the NBA Interim Manual for Foreign Language Braille Transcribing, available only from the NBA National Office.
A translated glossary at the back of a non-foreign language textbook in now a common occurrence and foreign language braille rules are used. Please consult the Spanish section of the Interim Manual to find out how to proceed. Please consider attaching a scan of an actual print page or two or what you are actually working with and I'll send you some steps to follow as well.
Do not use dot 4 accent indicators for this material. It does your student a disservice because a general accent indicator does not tell the student WHICH accent is used. It is intended for use for the occasional foreign word or phrase that may occur in English material.
The foreign language rules provides the braille reader with the actual accents used for that language, just as the print reader sees them. This is of critical importance in reading in a foreign language, not just an occasional foreign word in English material.
Please do not hesitate to contact us for further assistance.
--Joanna
