Cindy
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<p style="font-weight: 400;">The following is cited from The Rules of Unified English Braille, Second Edition 2013.</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">10.5 Lower Wordsigns</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">10.5.1 Use the lower wordsign for “be”, “were”, “his” or “was” when the word it represents is “standing alone”.</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">2.6 Standing Alone</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">2.6.2 A letter or letters-sequence is considered to be “standing alone” when the following common punctuation and indicator symbols intervene between the letter or letters-sequence and the preceding space, hyphen or dash:</p>-
<li style="font-weight: 400;">… opening quotation mark of any kind
<li style="font-weight: 400;">… opening typeform indicator of any kind …<p style="font-weight: 400;">The example you provided is:</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">“<u>Was</u> that <u>his</u> car?”</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">“<u>Was</u>
Meets criteria of standing alone as the opening quotation mark and opening typeform indicator intervenes between the letter or letters-sequence (Was) and the <u>preceding</u> space.</p>
Thank you for your question and for contacting Ask An Expert.Cindy Olmstead
UEB Literary CommitteeSee UEB 3.5.1, where the rule is to "follow print for the use of the bullet" and "At times, other symbols may be used for a similar purpose." Since you have hyphens used as bullets, follow print and use a hyphen in braille, as well. Put one space between the hyphen and the following text, as your print shows.Julie Sumwalt, ChairUEB Literary Committee2.6.1 A letter or letters-sequence is considered to be "standing alone" if it is preceded and followed by a space, a hyphen or a dash. The dash may be of any length, i.e. the dash or the long dash.
This applies to all instances of letters separated by hyphens (except a, i, and o). To prevent "i-t-y" from being read as "i-that-you", the grade 1 word indicator is needed.
Using grade 1 symbol indicators would necessitate going in and out of grade 1 mode on multiple occasions, to be avoided. (5.9.1)
Julie Sumwalt, Chair
UEB Literary CommitteeThank you for your question.
Yes, included in the Updates for The Rules of Unified English Braille, Section 2.6.4 and 10.9.4, you do use the blind contraction when the "B" is capitalized. In addition, "DeafBlind" is now included in the Shortforms List, Appendix 1.
NBA's UEB Literary Committee
If we know that the ARC in question is pronounced separately as letters, then the Rules of UEB 10.12.1 would have us NOT use the "ar" groupsign in that particular ARC "anywhere" it appears, including within a symbols-sequence, like a web address.
The Rules of Unified English Braille, Second Edition 2013 state:
10.12 Miscellaneous
Abbreviations and acronyms10.12.1 Preferably, when it is known, or can be determined from the text or by reference to a standard dictionary, that letters within an abbreviation or acronym that would make up a contraction are pronounced separately as letters, do not use the contraction. In case of doubt, use the contraction.
Thank you for your question.
NBA's UEB Literary Committee
This does not seem to be directly addressed, however, GST 5.1 includes content relevant for consideration.It will be of primary importance that readers can match questions with diagrams. Based on the description, it may be the case that print readers associate questions and graphics by page layout. Following GSTM 5.1.3, TNs associated with both graphics and question text will be warranted to label and reference graphics in the questions. It will make things less complicated if you place the illustration/diagram after the <i>directions</i> and before the <i>questions</i> and place them spatially; thus allowing the braille reader the opportunity to read the diagram first. "If possible, keep the graphic and questions together."In a case where there are many graphics associated with one question bank, we suggest that well-labeled graphics appear prior to questions on one or more separate pages. These should be located as close as possible to the associated questions. A TN will likely be required to indicate that the page of graphics relates to questions that follow on subsequent pages, in addition to TNs on individual graphics to facilitate association with specific questions.We hope this helps.Tactile Graphics CommitteeCindy Olmstead, ChairHi Susan,
Thank you for your question. As we are preparing a response from the committee, I have been asked if it's possible for you to send a page of the material you are transcribing. If so, will you send it as an attachment?
Cindy Olmstead, Chair
Tactile Graphics CommitteeHi Gillian,
I apologize for the untimeliness of my response.
Are you willing to send us the Guided Notes you are referring to? Some of the members of the Tactile Graphics Committee would like to review the information. Please advise. Thank you.
Cindy Olmstead, Chair
Tactile Graphics Committee"Thank you for your question!
We know that our rulebooks cannot contain conclusive advice for every possible need, and your question highlights a case where we have to consider what the rulebooks do provide, and what the braille reader needs.
Not using a second symbol (e.g., the grade 1 indicator, a period, a capitals indicator) in the braille on the tactile in question will make it difficult to distinguish some symbols. For example, a "b" and "c" will be indistinguishable from one another, as will be a "d", "f", "h", or "j". For this reason we will refer to the following rules in GSTG, and GTM:
GSTG 5.8.1.2 One of the letters in each key entry must include dot 3 and/or dot 6 in the braille configuration....
GSTG 5.8.1.3 Single-letter keys are not recommended, but if used they must be followed by a period. Do not use the letter indicator before a two-cell alphabetic key, even when the letter combination corresponds to a braille short-form word.
GTM 4.4.2 ... This section does not attempt to give advice on how to effectively label a diagram in braille so that it is clear to the reader which part of the diagram each label refers to. Rather, it lists code accommodations which can be made within the content of certain labels when space is at a premium.
... When labelling points, lines etc. with single letters, these can be consistently shown as two cells by omitting the grade 1 indicator for all capital letters and including it for all lowercase letters including a, i and o.All of the above rules specify methods for providing the braille reader with not only the single-symbol, but also an additional symbol for indicating the proper orientation when reading the letter symbol. This additional symbol is necessary to ensure the braille can be read accurately.
Based on the above, this committee's guidance is to follow GSTG 5.8.1.1 “Any combination of letters or letters and braille contractions requiring a minimum of two braille cells but not more than three braille cells may be used.” We suggest including grade 1 indicators for lowercase letters, and only the capitals indicator when capitals are to be used. This ensures the braille will include an orienting feature for the reader (e.g., the grade 1 indicator or the capitals indicator) so there is no risk of confusing symbols.
We also agree with you that a transcriber's note should accompany the tactiles so the braille reader knows how to interpret the tactiles properly."
On behalf of the Tactile Graphics Committee
Cindy Olmstead, ChairWe are transcribing a math book using: Guidance for Transcription Using the Nemeth Code within UEB Context and we are confused on how to treat these problems. (Number Families) Do we omit the arrow, draw the arrow in a tactile graphic or use some other method. (see attached)
First, thank you for responding so quickly. Your response has sparked some further discussion and I am being asked to reach out to you for further clarification on this subject matter.
Our Literary Instructor is asking if he is being told correctly that Literary books containing any type of mathematical and/or technical material (i.e. 2 + 2), is to be enclosed in Nemeth Code and placed on the SSP. He is with the understanding UEB has their own language dealing with mathematical symbols for Literary books.
