Julie Sumwalt
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Hi Lynnette,
The 10.9.2 rule is actually two-fold, that the longer word with “good” is either in the shortforms list or begins a word and is not followed by a vowel or y. ICEB decided that “goody” was a worthy addition to the list. The list takes precedence over the vowel rule. Therefore, it’s acceptable to use the shortform. There are other words that parallel this: goodie, goodun, goodyear, goodest.
According to the rules for list construction at the end of Appendix 1, words containing shortforms may be added to the list if the longer word retains an original meaning of the base shortform word. As for "must," it can refer to a musty state. "Musty", "mustier", and, believe it or not, "mustard", all have ties to this definition. (Mustard was originally made with must. Who knew?) "Mustang", "muster", and "mustache" have no connection to any definition of "must".
By the way, those rules for list construction are meant to be informative, not instructive. They are the rules that ICEB followed when constructing the list. They are not rules for transcribers to independently add words when they come across a word they think should be there.
Braille on,
Julie
Hi,
Use the italic symbol indicator. UEB 9.2.1 shows an example of an italicized "i" as a letter, and 9.2.2 shows an example of an underlined "I" as a word. Both use symbol indicators. Context is not a factor, making it easier to use translation software, the reason for treating "I" this way.
Braille on,
Julie
Hi Tung,
UEB 7.3.1 does not say to space the ellipsis whenever it occurs unless it indicates an omission of part of a word. It says to space the ellipsis if that is what print does or if the print is indeterminate or inconsistent. If it's clearly unspaced in print, follow suit.
When an unspaced ellipsis and word fall at the end of a braille line, they should be brought down together to the next line, as a single symbols-sequence.
Braille on,
Julie
Hello,
This seemed like a straightforward question until I started thinking and asking about it. The reason we are confused about the use of the long dash is because we have transcriber's discretion in this area. Here's the rundown:
- There is no one-to-one, print-to-braille, definitive way of transcribing dashes. Use transcriber's discretion.
- There are at least four different kinds of dashes used in print for various purposes.
- The length of the print dash and its usage both play a part in the braille representation.
- The en-dash is often transcribed as a hyphen, even if there are real hyphens elsewhere in the text.
- The em-dash is often transcribed as a regular braille dash.
- The long braille dash is used for the longest print dash if it is determined that there is a need for distinction from a regular dash, such as a 2-em or 3-em dash. An example might be that used in bibliographies when the author of multiple resources is represented with a 3-em dash.
So, you could do it this way:
Page 21: regular dash
Page 14: hyphen
Page 5: regular dash
Page 4: long dash
... or this way:
Page 21:hyphen
Page 14: hyphen
Page 5: hyphen
Page 4: regular dash
Either way is acceptable.
Braille on,
Julie
Hi,
Follow print for the number of dots. Follow spacing as best you can.
7.1.1 Follow print for the use of punctuation except for the specific provisions in the Punctuation rules which follow.
7.3.1 Follow print for the number of dots used in the ellipsis. When spacing in print is indeterminate or inconsistent, space the ellipsis from adjacent words, unless it is clear that it indicates the omission of part of a word.
Braille on,
Julie
Thanks for posting the print. It is my understanding that the hollow dot is generally reserved for specific meanings, such as a reference indicator, sign of operation, modifier, or musical notation. The open circle symbol is more appropriate here. (1246, 123456)
Braille on,
Julie
Hi,
I'm not sure what you mean by a secondary list. Can you post an image of the print?
Thanks,
Julie
Hi Greta,
The examples in 10.11.6 and 10.8.1 seem to indicate the (ong) contraction can be used in this situation. There's nothing to say that the rule changes based on an alphabetic or non-alphabetic character preceding (con).
Braille on,
Julie
Hi Michael,
No, the long dash is *long and is rarely seen. Generally, the EN dash connects and the EM dash separates or disconnects. At least, that's how it's supposed to go. But the UEB principle is to follow print, which is often erroneous in its use of hyphens and dashes. So, then, continue as you have been doing. You only need to use the long dash when there are hyphens, dashes, and long dashes that all have different meanings.
Braille on,
Julie
Thanks, Cindi! You took the words right out of my mouth. I would also like to point out that UEB updates can be found at this link: http://iceb.org/ueb.html. Nowhere on that page does it say to add TN indicators to the TN page. If it did, as Cindi says, it falls into the domain of formatting, which is governed by individual braille authorities. For us, that's BANA.
Braille on,
Julie
Hi Tung,
The grade 1 symbol indicator (dots 56, not 46) before the shape and arrow indicators is probably not necessary in that situation, though it couldn't hurt, either.
Braille on,
Julie
Hi Fred,
No grade 1 indicator is needed before the superscript indicator because grade 1 mode is already in effect with the numeric indicator before the 3. The right parenthesis terminates numeric mode but not grade 1 mode, which is terminated by a space, hyphen, dash, or grade 1 terminator. (UEB 6.5.1, also 6.5.2)
The superscript 4 will need a numeric indicator before it since numeric mode has been terminated at the right parenthesis.
Braille on,
Julie
