Lindy Walton
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Beth, I am not familiar with this notation. I'll get back to you after conferring with some chemists.
Lindy
FYI, I have corrected my original post. I thank Kyle DeJute for her knowledge of UEB-Technical.
The reason a grade 1 indicator is NOT needed for ::/128 is because when we get to the slash, it becomes impossible that the preceding cell of dots 25 could represent any contraction, and once that is established, it then becomes impossible that the first cell of dots 25 could be any contraction [because both the "con" and the "cc" contractions must be followed "by a letter, a contraction, a modified letter or a ligatured letter"].
Please address further questions about computer language to the UEB Technical forum.Thank you.LindyHi Carmen. The Nemeth Code does not address computer notation. In a UEB transcription, if the print is "computer notation" as defined in Section 17.1 of the UEB Guidelines for Technical Material, then follow the directions in that section (Section 17, Computer Notation), even in a Nemeth/UEB transcription.
Your example would be transcribed like this:
33_/#ABHYou might like to read the post from December 20-23, 2019, titled "computer notation" in the Unified English Braille Technical section of this Ask An Expert forum.
Lindy
Hi. Thank you for asking these important questions.
Regarding question 29, yes, a space must precede the open parenthesis. The 2007 update to Section 119.a of the Nemeth Code says this: "A space must be left after an unmodified function name or its abbreviation. If the function name or its abbreviation carries a superscript, subscript, modifier, or other braille indicator, the space must follow the superscript, subscript, termination of modifier, or other braille indicator."
Regarding questions 30 and 41, 3:4:5 is a ratio. It means that the side lengths are in the ratio of 3:4:5.
Lindy
Hi. Yes, you are right, this matrix equation will not fit on a braille page without having to divide it. The first priority is to divide before the equals sign, as you have done.
I have attached a brf example for you which includes the following corrections:
- Starting the displayed matrix in cell 7 (it is displayed to 1-5 text--NC Sec.191.b.iv);
- Aligning "a" with "3" in the first matrix (items in the same column must begin in the same cell in a matrix) (NC Sec.183.a);
- Deleting the space before the plus symbol (operation symbols are generally unspaced--NC Sec.138.b);
- Deleting the second equals symbol (the equals symbol is transcribed on the top line of the arrangement, just as you have done with the plus symbol)(NC Sec.183.a).
Since some of the answer choices contain decimals, I would not terminate Nemeth Code until after subitem K. is completed unless, of course, Nemeth Code continues with item 27.
Hope this helps!
Lindy
I am not familiar with the term "one word bridge". The single-word switch indicator was introduced in order to allow one narrative (UEB) word to come between technical material without having to terminate Nemeth Code.
For example, in "If x > y and y > z, is x > z?" the single-word switch indicator is used for the words "and" and "is". The Nemeth Code terminator is placed before the closing punctuation. I'm having trouble with the braille font, but here is the transcription in ascii:
,IF _% X .1 Y ,'& Y .1 Z, ,'IS
X .1 Z _:8If words are actually part of the math expression, they are transcribed in Nemeth Code, without contractions. For example, in "miles/hour" the slash means "per" which requires a switch to Nemeth Code. The words "miles" and "hour" are part of the fraction. (ascii again):
_% MILES_/HOUR _:
The transcriber needs to determine whether words are part of the math or simply part of the sentence structure (UEB). Sometimes this can be tricky.
Lindy
Hi Susan. All of these words are not part of the math. Only the words done in Nemeth Code need to be uncontracted.
I have put the "math" words in boldface, below. I have also attached a transcription of these three bulleted items.
- Arithmetic sequence: nth term = Original Term + (n−1)d, where d is the constant difference between terms.
- Geometric sequence: nth term = Original Term × r<sup>(n−1)</sup>, where r is the constant ratio.
- Group Formula: Total = Group 1 + Group 2 − Both + Neither
Let me know if I didn't understand your question.
Lindy
The Braille Code for Chemical Notation 1997 is a Nemeth Code document. It expands on the Nemeth Code by giving symbols for chemical notation. It also has a few unique format rules. Electron dot notation is in the Chemistry Code (3.2.1, 4.1.5, and 4.3). The braille symbol (dots 16) represents the single electron dot (3.2.1). It is unspaced. See the attached brf file to see what the first two will look like in the sample you sent, using Nemeth in UEB contexts.
The reader will need to realize that (16) is an electron dot, not a multiplication dot or chemical period. Context should make it clear, just as it does in print where the same midline dot sign is used for all three purposes as well.
Lindy
Hi Susan. Yes, this is an electron dot bond. Dots (16) are used to represent this sign. Its meaning will be inferred by the reader, just as in print a midline dot can mean different things.
Lindy
Sure, yes, it is your call of course but in the context of answer choices, some of which *require Nemeth and others which could be in either code, I think it is best to stay in Nemeth for all four answer choices in your example.
Ah, now I see the image you sent. These are valence arrows. The current chemistry code doesn't discuss these in detail and may suggest that they be drawn. Transcribers have come up with different solutions to this problem, and the BANA chemistry committee is working on a recommendation which you may use in your transcription. Describe the symbols in a TN. You may use just the < symbol for the up-pointing valence arrow and just the % symbol for the down-pointing valence arrow. These symbols are to be used only in the context of valence arrows depicted in orbital diagrams. It is not necessary to indicate that the arrowheads are barbed--this is just a print style.
In your book, the arrow pairs are grouped with underlining. Show the grouping by inserting one space between pairs. When only the up arrow appears, the general omission symbol of the Nemeth Code is used to show the absence of the down-pointing valence arrow within the pair. Place element SYMBOLS or orbital level notation as column headings, leaving only one space between columns. I have attached a suggested solution to your example. This should work nicely for you.Lindy
Hi Susan. I'm glad you found your answer before I could get back to you! Yes, a negative number or a minus sign with a numeral is considered to be a "modification" of the number and so is done in Nemeth Code. The four identifiers (A. B. C. D.) can also be done in Nemeth, keeping code switching to a minimum.
Lindy
Hi. I'm not finding the arrows in question. What page are they on?
The "new" chemistry code is still being written. I've been told that APH will produce a print copy of the current (1997) code on demand. Please let me know if that is not the case. Thanks.
Lindy
Hi. I'm glad you asked this question. The colon sign in mathematics has seven different uses according to what I found on https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Colon.html
Your example, I believe, is item 3: "To give a name to a map, e.g., f:x|->x^2 (which is equivalent to the function notation f(x)=x^2)." In Lesson 4 of An Introduction to Braille Mathematics Using Nemeth Code within UEB Contexts (4.11.3 "Mapping Notation), it says to transcribe this colon as an unspaced symbol. In your example, this means ELI g PI colon x (Letter g is preceded by a space and followed by a punctuation mark, so it needs an ELI. Letter x is followed by a comparison sign so an ELI is not needed for x. A punctuation indicator is required before the colon.)_% ;G_3X $O ?1/2#X+6 _:
